Complete conversion of carbohydrate and water to hydrogen and carbohydrate dioxide by a synthetic enzymatic pathway

FUEL 213

Y-H. Percival Zhang, biofuels@vt.edu, Biological Systems Engineering Department, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, VA 24061, Barbara R. Evans, evansb@ornl.gov, Chemical Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, 4500N, 1 Bethel Valley Road, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6194, jonathan Mielenz, Biosciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831, and Mike Adams, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of George, Anthens, GA 30602.
The evaluation of transportation fuels need to include a number of factors, such as, fuel costs, system costs, storage densities, primary energy source, energy efficiency, technological maturity, environmental concerns, and societal concerns. Hydrogen-fuel cell system is believed to eventually replace current internal combustion engine for transportation sector because the former has much higher energy conversion efficiencies and does not produce any pollutant. But there are several technical obstacles to the hydrogen economy, such as, production, storage, distribution, and safety concerns. Polymeric carbohydrates (C6H10O5) is proposed as a hydrogen carrier (14.8 H2 mass %), based on a new breakthrough – complete conversion of carbohydrate and water to hydrogen and carbon dioxide published in a new open access journal of Public Library of Science ONE, 2007, 2:e456. This new conversion is implemented by a new technology called in vitro synthetic biology. Special features, such as, safe storage of solid carbohydrates, modest reaction conditions, easy separation of the products and reactants (gas/liquid), complete conversion, high hydrogen storage capacity (14.8 mass%), no toxic by-products (e.g., CO), and no special infrastructure needed, make carbohydrate as a hydrogen carrier more appealing, as compared to other hydrogen carriers. With technology improvement, sugar-powered vehicles would come true eventually.
 

Ultraclean Transportation Fuels
1:30 PM-5:30 PM, Wednesday, April 9, 2008 Morial Convention Center -- Rm. 239, Oral

Division of Fuel Chemistry

The 235th ACS National Meeting, New Orleans, LA, April 6-10, 2008