Phytotoxicity of ZnO nanoparticle: Inhibition of ryegrass growth

ENVR 55

Daohui Lin, lindaohui@zju.edu.cn, Department of Environmental Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310028, China and Baoshan Xing, bx@pssci.umass.edu, Department of Plant, Soil and Insect Sciences, University of Massachusetts, 80 Campus Center Way, Stockbridge Hall, Amherst, MA 01003.
Phytotoxicity of ZnO nanoparticle (nano-ZnO) to Lolium perenne (ryegrass) was investigated. Ryegrass biomass was significantly reduced with increasing nano-ZnO in nutrient solution. Zn2+ concentrations in the nano-ZnO (10-1,000 mg/L) treated nutrient solution were lower than 6 mg/L, indicating that the phytotoxicity of nano-ZnO could not come from its dissolution in the solution. Both treatments of nano-ZnO and Zn2+ increased Zn content of ryegrass, but with different trends. SEM observation showed that nano-ZnO coverage on the root surface increased with increasing nano-ZnO concentration. However, shoot Zn contents (0.25-1.36 mg/kg) remained low under the nano-ZnO treatments and were much lower than that under the Zn2+ treatments (0.25-19.1 mg/kg). This indicates that nano-ZnO might not transport from root to shoot or dissolve to be Zn2+ at root surface or inside root tissue in this study. Phytotoxicity of nano-ZnO may result from physical and chemical interferences of root growth by nano-ZnO, rather than its dissolution.