Production of hydrogen from biomass: Integrated biological and thermo-chemical approach

FUEL 62

Sadashiv M. Swami, sadashiv.utoledo@gmail.com, Chemical and Environmental Enginnering Department, University of Toledo, Nitschke Hall, Room 3048, 2801 W. Bancroft, Toledo, OH 43606, Ponnaiyan Ayyappan, mailatish@yahoo.com, Chemical and Environmental Engineering Department, The University of Toledo, 2801 W Bancroft St, 3048 Nitschke Hall, Toledo, OH 43606, and Martin Abraham, mabraham@eng.utoledo.edu, Dept of Chemical Engineering, University of Toledo, Toledo, OH 43606.
Hydrogen production from biomass was investigated using an integrated biological and thermo chemical process. Glucose was used as a biomass surrogate. Glucose was first converted to ethanol in a fermentation process. The fermentation experiments were carried out using Saccharomyces cerevisiae. The fermentation broth was then used in aqueous phase reforming (APR) over a platinum-based catalyst. The hydrogen obtained from APR of the fermentation broth was compared against the yield from a simulated sample containing 5% pure ethanol. While the catalyst was stable for an extended time on stream during APR of ethanol, very rapid deactivation was observed in the case of fermentation broth. The different catalyst characterization techniques were employed to investigate the causes of catalyst deactivation. The preliminary results indicate that the catalyst is being poisoned by the impurities present in the fermentation broth. These impurities are suspected to be S- and P-containing materials. The effect of S and P on the deactivation of the catalyst is being studied by doping the simulated ethanol mixture with the model compounds such as amino acids containing S and ATP.