Environmental toxicant Aroclor 1254 induces preterm birth by affecting amniotic fluid volume regulation and vascular activity at the maternal-fetal interface

ENVR 98

Neetu Tewari, ntewari@wihri.org, Satyan Kalkunte, skalkunte@wihri.org, and Surendra Sharma. Department of Pediatrics, Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Women and Infants Hospital, 101 Dudley Street, Providence, RI 02905
Polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) possess weak estrogenic activity and are thought to be potential risk factors for perinatal development and neonatal neurocognitive health. Recent evidence, although controversial, suggests that a significant number of pregnant women living within the WTC disaster area experienced adverse pregnancy outcomes, possibly caused by genetic predisposition and exposure to PCB-like toxicants from the WTC dust. To support the hypothesis of genetic stress and PCB-induced pregnancy complications, we studied in vivo PCB effects in pregnant IL-10 null mice. Aroclor 1254 (500 μg/mouse) did not affect the pregnancy outcome in wild type mice, whereas IL-10-/- mice experienced pre-term birth on gd 17.5, two-fold increased amniotic fluid, decreased placental and fetal weight and reduced litter size with low birth weight with neurocognitive defects. Our results strongly suggest that IL-10 deficiency and PCB-mediated toxicity lead to pre-term birth probably mediated through modulation of Aquaporin water channels and pro-angiogenic VEGF signals.