Genomic approaches to understanding cellular determinants of DNA damage

TOXI 70

Shiva S. Kalinga, Biological Engineering Division, MIT, Cambridge, MA 02139, Rebecca C. Fry, Center for Environmental Health Sciences, MIT, Cambridge, MA 02139, and Peter C. Dedon, pcdedon@mit.edu, Biological Engineering Division and Center for Environmental Health Sciences, MIT, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, MA 02139.
A major challenge in chemical carcinogenesis is to relate DNA damage with subsequent mutations, and, more specifically, to relate both the location and quantity of DNA damage in cells with the corresponding cellular response. To better understand the determinants of cellular DNA damage, we seek to map one type of oxidative DNA damage, that of strand breaks and oxidized abasic sites, across the genome of S. cerevisiae and then to correlate this information with genomic organization and nuclear architecture. Genomic DNA or cells are treated with an enedyine necocarzinostatin that causes deoxyribose oxidation to produce strand breaks and oxidized abasic sites and also has the advantage of targeting specific chromatin structures. The resulting DNA damage contains aldehydes and ketones that are derivatized as biotinylated oximes for affinity purification followed by amplification of the purified fragments by LM-PCR. The purified DNA fragments are then used to probe tiled yeast oligonucleotide arrays. The resulting hybridization data is analyzed relative to known features of genomic organization, chromatin structures and nuclear architecture.