Self assembled machines, in lamellar crystals, driven by stress or electric fields

PMSE 38

Darrell H. Reneker, reneker@uakron.edu, Department of Polymer Science, University of Akron, Akron, OH 44325-3909
Crystallographic defects in polymer crystals can transport chains along their axis through a lamellar crystal of polyethylene and provide other responses to externally applied forces or electric fields. For example, the passage of a dispiration through a fold first raises the fold with respect to neighboring folds, as the dispiration enters, and then lowers the fold when the dispiration re-enters the crystal. The dispiration can be regarded as a self-assembled nanoscale machine, initiated by and interacting with external influences. The motion of such crystallographic defects can be influenced by external stress fields. In polyvinylidene fluoride, which has a dipole moment perpendicular to the chain, an external electric field can monitor or influence changes in the molecular conformation. Polymer crystals support a wealth of such kinematically defined nanoscale machines, which can be used to design systems that depend on nanoscale positioning of polymer molecules, using self assembled nanomachines.