Hexafunctionalized borromeates

ORGN 184

Claire R. Yates, cryates@chem.ucla.edu, California NanoSystems Institute and Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California Los Angeles, 405 Hilgard Avenue, Los Angeles, CA 90095, Diego Benitez, diego@chem.ucla.edu, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, Los Angeles, 405 Hilgard Avenue, Los Angeles, CA 90095-1569, and J Fraser Stoddart, stoddart@chem.ucla.edu, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, California NanoSystems Institute, University of California, Los Angeles, 405 Hilgard Avenue, Los Angeles, CA 90095-1569.
The molecular construction of the Borromean Ring (BR) topology has been achieved successfully from 18 individual components under strict dynamic covalent, coordinative and supramolecular control. This dynamic covalent chemistry (DCC) assembly process is dependent on the ability of the system to control the placement of 12 organic ligands around six transition metal (zinc) ions in near quantitative yields.

This molecular BR topology provides a unique symmetrical, nanoscale three-dimensional scaffold onto which unique features can be embedded at will. The significance of this research is to introduce a further level of sophistication structure-wise into the metal containing BRs via the construction (Box) of hexasubstituted borromeates. Two orthogonal approaches have been investigated, namely Pre-Assembly Modification – which involves the incorporation of the desired functionality on the incipient tridentate ligand, followed by subsequent assembly of the rings via metal template-directed synthesis, and Post-Assembly Modification – which first of all involves the synthesis of Borromeates with pendant reactive groups attached to the incipient tridentate ligand prior to assembly, then modification of the periphery via the introduction of a new functional group. Herein, we show the efficient convergent formation of both hexaolefinic and hexa-p-tolylpentenyloxy Borromeates. The latter involved the application of olefin cross metathesis (OXM) in a pre-assembly fashion to incorporate p-tolyl-pentenyloxy substituents onto the 4-position of an endo-diiminopyridyl ligand which lead to the successful convergent synthesis of hexa-p-tolyl-pentenyloxy functionalized Borromeates. For comparison, in post-assembly terms, efforts were made to incorporate six styrenic substrates to a pre-assembled olefin-modified Borromeate core employing olefin cross metathesis. The results conclude that the making of hexasubstituted Borromeates divergently, is still an open challenge, as demonstrated by the application of ruthenium-catalyzed OXM to a pre-assembled hexaolefinic Borromeate core.