Evaluating binding of small molecules to the HIV-1 DIS with a fluorescence-based assay

BIOL 116

Victor K Tam, vtam@chem.ucsd.edu, Denise Kwong, and Yitzhak Tor, ytor@ucsd.edu. Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, San Diego, MC 0358, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, CA 92093
In retroviruses such as HIV, disrupting certain RNA-protein or RNA-RNA interactions responsible for viral replication with small molecules may lead to new therapeutics. Our efforts have been focused on the HIV-1 Dimerization Initiation Site (DIS), a potential RNA target that is involved with reverse transcription and viral encapsidation. Recent x-ray crystal structures reveal strong similarity between the DIS and the prokaryotic A-site, an RNA construct where most aminoglycoside antibiotics bind. Due to structural homology, we theorize that the established fluorescence assay of monitoring small molecule binding to the A-site can also be achieved with the DIS. We now report the design and results of a fluorescence-based assay that quantifies binding of aminoglycosides to the HIV-1 DIS.